When a node crashes in a Consistent Hashing ring, which other nodes are affected?

1. A The entire cluster must pause operations to perform a global re-balancing and re-hashing of all stored data.
2. B The immediate clockwise neighbor (Successor) becomes responsible for the keys previously owned by the failed node.
3. C There is no localized effect on neighboring nodes; the data is considered permanently lost until recovered from tape.
4. D Only the immediate predecessor node is affected, as it must now buffer all incoming writes for the dead node's range.